Does the Net Present Value as a Financial Metric Fit Investment in Green Energy Security?

Surprisingly, little is known whether the net present value (NPV) used as a financial metric in budgeting and investment planning to analyse projects’ profitability universal. Meanwhile, epochal green energy revolution ensuring carbon neutrality through innovations requires enormous investments, projects realised must ensure security. Therefore, there need reanalyse metrics planning, including NPV. We eliminate this research gap and, based on data from Poland, Romania, Hungary, Croatia, USA, United Kingdom, Japan, Israel, Euro Zone, explain why one may not perceive currently NPV formula universal metric. show that variable discount rate influences time of money. redefine formula. This study makes two main contributions. First, it creates new ground by revisiting emerging market context compared stable economies contributes developing business management theory. Second, we propose empirically verify modified considers situation firms markets. Thus, helps capital process, can help provide optimal outcomes firms, helping reduce risks. Our further contextual diagnosis can, turn, be relevant for other sector analyses.